World of Lucha Libre

"The World of Lucha Libre" is an insider's account of lucha libre, the popular Mexican version of professional wrestling. Heather Levi spent more than a year immersed in the world of wrestling in Mexico City. Not only did she observe many live events and interview wrestlers, referees, officials, promoters, and reporters; she also apprenticed with a retired luchador (wrestler). Drawing on her insider's perspective, she explores lucha libre as a cultural performance, an occupational subculture, and a set of symbols that circulate through Mexican culture and politics. Levi argues that the broad appeal of lucha libre lies in its capacity to stage contradictions at the heart of Mexican national identity: between the rural and the urban, tradition and modernity, ritual and parody, machismo and feminism, politics and spectacle.Levi considers lucha libre in light of scholarship about sport, modernization, and the formation of the Mexican nation-state, and in connection to professional wrestling in the United States. She examines the role of secrecy in lucha libre, the relationship between wrestlers and the characters they incarnate, and the meanings of the masks worn by luchadors. She discusses male wrestlers who perform masculine roles, male wrestlers who cross-dress and perform feminine roles, female wrestlers who wrestle each other, and female spectators and fans. Investigating the relationship between lucha libre and the mass media, she highlights the history of the sport's engagement with television: it was televised briefly in the early 1950s, but not again until 1991.Finally, Levi traces the circulation of lucha libre symbols in avant-garde artistic movements and its appropriation in left-wing political discourse. "The World of Lucha Libre" shows how a sport imported from the United States in the 1930s came to be an iconic symbol of urban Mexican cultural authenticity.