Helminth Parasitic Infection in the Organs of Indian River Buffalo

Pakistan is an agrian-rural based country and livestock is the fundamental socioeconomic factor for its GDP growth. Not only locally but also globally livestock is the main source of food and utilities to serve mankind. Economically, buffaloes among the livestock are major source of milk, meat, hides, manure and power for cultivation, financial security and a source of earning foreign exchange for the country. Pakistan stands as second largest producer of buffaloes, worldwide. Buffaloes are susceptible to a wide account of parasitic diseases due to poor hygienic conditions, endoparasitic helminth infections and diseases cause huge economic losses by affecting health, lowering milk and meat productivity and eventually causing mortality of animal. During the study, endoparasitic helminth infections and the cellular changes occurring in the liver, kidney and intestine of the Indian River buffalo, Bubalus bubalis from Sindh, these infections has been studied thoroughly. It is concluded by the present study that if amphistomiasis will be kept ignored by health care agencies and affiliated organizations, infection of bovines will take the rank of zoonosis like Fascioliasis in Pakistan.